community.crypto/plugins/module_utils/openssh/certificate.py

667 lines
21 KiB
Python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (c) 2021, Andrew Pantuso (@ajpantuso) <ajpantuso@gmail.com>
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see LICENSES/GPL-3.0-or-later.txt or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
__metaclass__ = type
# Protocol References
# -------------------
# https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4251
# https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4253
# https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5656
# https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8032
# https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys?annotate=HEAD
#
# Inspired by:
# ------------
# https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/blob/main/src/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/serialization/ssh.py
# https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/blob/master/paramiko/message.py
import abc
import binascii
import os
from base64 import b64encode
from datetime import datetime
from hashlib import sha256
from ansible.module_utils import six
from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_text
from ansible_collections.community.crypto.plugins.module_utils.crypto.support import convert_relative_to_datetime
from ansible_collections.community.crypto.plugins.module_utils.openssh.utils import (
OpensshParser,
_OpensshWriter,
)
# See https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys?annotate=HEAD
_USER_TYPE = 1
_HOST_TYPE = 2
_SSH_TYPE_STRINGS = {
'rsa': b"ssh-rsa",
'dsa': b"ssh-dss",
'ecdsa-nistp256': b"ecdsa-sha2-nistp256",
'ecdsa-nistp384': b"ecdsa-sha2-nistp384",
'ecdsa-nistp521': b"ecdsa-sha2-nistp521",
'ed25519': b"ssh-ed25519",
}
_CERT_SUFFIX_V01 = b"-cert-v01@openssh.com"
# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5656#section-6.1
_ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS = {
'ecdsa-nistp256': b'nistp256',
'ecdsa-nistp384': b'nistp384',
'ecdsa-nistp521': b'nistp521',
}
_ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS_LOOKUP = {
b'nistp256': 'ecdsa-nistp256',
b'nistp384': 'ecdsa-nistp384',
b'nistp521': 'ecdsa-nistp521',
}
_ALWAYS = datetime(1970, 1, 1)
_FOREVER = datetime.max
_CRITICAL_OPTIONS = (
'force-command',
'source-address',
'verify-required',
)
_DIRECTIVES = (
'clear',
'no-x11-forwarding',
'no-agent-forwarding',
'no-port-forwarding',
'no-pty',
'no-user-rc',
)
_EXTENSIONS = (
'permit-x11-forwarding',
'permit-agent-forwarding',
'permit-port-forwarding',
'permit-pty',
'permit-user-rc'
)
if six.PY3:
long = int
class OpensshCertificateTimeParameters(object):
def __init__(self, valid_from, valid_to):
self._valid_from = self.to_datetime(valid_from)
self._valid_to = self.to_datetime(valid_to)
if self._valid_from > self._valid_to:
raise ValueError("Valid from: %s must not be greater than Valid to: %s" % (valid_from, valid_to))
def __eq__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
return NotImplemented
else:
return self._valid_from == other._valid_from and self._valid_to == other._valid_to
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
@property
def validity_string(self):
if not (self._valid_from == _ALWAYS and self._valid_to == _FOREVER):
return "%s:%s" % (
self.valid_from(date_format='openssh'), self.valid_to(date_format='openssh')
)
return ""
def valid_from(self, date_format):
return self.format_datetime(self._valid_from, date_format)
def valid_to(self, date_format):
return self.format_datetime(self._valid_to, date_format)
def within_range(self, valid_at):
if valid_at is not None:
valid_at_datetime = self.to_datetime(valid_at)
return self._valid_from <= valid_at_datetime <= self._valid_to
return True
@staticmethod
def format_datetime(dt, date_format):
if date_format in ('human_readable', 'openssh'):
if dt == _ALWAYS:
result = 'always'
elif dt == _FOREVER:
result = 'forever'
else:
result = dt.isoformat() if date_format == 'human_readable' else dt.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
elif date_format == 'timestamp':
td = dt - _ALWAYS
result = int((td.microseconds + (td.seconds + td.days * 24 * 3600) * 10 ** 6) / 10 ** 6)
else:
raise ValueError("%s is not a valid format" % date_format)
return result
@staticmethod
def to_datetime(time_string_or_timestamp):
try:
if isinstance(time_string_or_timestamp, six.string_types):
result = OpensshCertificateTimeParameters._time_string_to_datetime(time_string_or_timestamp.strip())
elif isinstance(time_string_or_timestamp, (long, int)):
result = OpensshCertificateTimeParameters._timestamp_to_datetime(time_string_or_timestamp)
else:
raise ValueError(
"Value must be of type (str, unicode, int, long) not %s" % type(time_string_or_timestamp)
)
except ValueError:
raise
return result
@staticmethod
def _timestamp_to_datetime(timestamp):
if timestamp == 0x0:
result = _ALWAYS
elif timestamp == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF:
result = _FOREVER
else:
try:
result = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp)
except OverflowError as e:
raise ValueError
return result
@staticmethod
def _time_string_to_datetime(time_string):
result = None
if time_string == 'always':
result = _ALWAYS
elif time_string == 'forever':
result = _FOREVER
elif is_relative_time_string(time_string):
result = convert_relative_to_datetime(time_string)
else:
for time_format in ("%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"):
try:
result = datetime.strptime(time_string, time_format)
except ValueError:
pass
if result is None:
raise ValueError
return result
class OpensshCertificateOption(object):
def __init__(self, option_type, name, data):
if option_type not in ('critical', 'extension'):
raise ValueError("type must be either 'critical' or 'extension'")
if not isinstance(name, six.string_types):
raise TypeError("name must be a string not %s" % type(name))
if not isinstance(data, six.string_types):
raise TypeError("data must be a string not %s" % type(data))
self._option_type = option_type
self._name = name.lower()
self._data = data
def __eq__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
return NotImplemented
return all([
self._option_type == other._option_type,
self._name == other._name,
self._data == other._data,
])
def __hash__(self):
return hash((self._option_type, self._name, self._data))
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
def __str__(self):
if self._data:
return "%s=%s" % (self._name, self._data)
return self._name
@property
def data(self):
return self._data
@property
def name(self):
return self._name
@property
def type(self):
return self._option_type
@classmethod
def from_string(cls, option_string):
if not isinstance(option_string, six.string_types):
raise ValueError("option_string must be a string not %s" % type(option_string))
option_type = None
if ':' in option_string:
option_type, value = option_string.strip().split(':', 1)
if '=' in value:
name, data = value.split('=', 1)
else:
name, data = value, ''
elif '=' in option_string:
name, data = option_string.strip().split('=', 1)
else:
name, data = option_string.strip(), ''
return cls(
option_type=option_type or get_option_type(name.lower()),
name=name,
data=data
)
@six.add_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)
class OpensshCertificateInfo:
"""Encapsulates all certificate information which is signed by a CA key"""
def __init__(self,
nonce=None,
serial=None,
cert_type=None,
key_id=None,
principals=None,
valid_after=None,
valid_before=None,
critical_options=None,
extensions=None,
reserved=None,
signing_key=None):
self.nonce = nonce
self.serial = serial
self._cert_type = cert_type
self.key_id = key_id
self.principals = principals
self.valid_after = valid_after
self.valid_before = valid_before
self.critical_options = critical_options
self.extensions = extensions
self.reserved = reserved
self.signing_key = signing_key
self.type_string = None
@property
def cert_type(self):
if self._cert_type == _USER_TYPE:
return 'user'
elif self._cert_type == _HOST_TYPE:
return 'host'
else:
return ''
@cert_type.setter
def cert_type(self, cert_type):
if cert_type == 'user' or cert_type == _USER_TYPE:
self._cert_type = _USER_TYPE
elif cert_type == 'host' or cert_type == _HOST_TYPE:
self._cert_type = _HOST_TYPE
else:
raise ValueError("%s is not a valid certificate type" % cert_type)
def signing_key_fingerprint(self):
return fingerprint(self.signing_key)
@abc.abstractmethod
def public_key_fingerprint(self):
pass
@abc.abstractmethod
def parse_public_numbers(self, parser):
pass
class OpensshRSACertificateInfo(OpensshCertificateInfo):
def __init__(self, e=None, n=None, **kwargs):
super(OpensshRSACertificateInfo, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.type_string = _SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['rsa'] + _CERT_SUFFIX_V01
self.e = e
self.n = n
# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4253#section-6.6
def public_key_fingerprint(self):
if any([self.e is None, self.n is None]):
return b''
writer = _OpensshWriter()
writer.string(_SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['rsa'])
writer.mpint(self.e)
writer.mpint(self.n)
return fingerprint(writer.bytes())
def parse_public_numbers(self, parser):
self.e = parser.mpint()
self.n = parser.mpint()
class OpensshDSACertificateInfo(OpensshCertificateInfo):
def __init__(self, p=None, q=None, g=None, y=None, **kwargs):
super(OpensshDSACertificateInfo, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.type_string = _SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['dsa'] + _CERT_SUFFIX_V01
self.p = p
self.q = q
self.g = g
self.y = y
# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4253#section-6.6
def public_key_fingerprint(self):
if any([self.p is None, self.q is None, self.g is None, self.y is None]):
return b''
writer = _OpensshWriter()
writer.string(_SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['dsa'])
writer.mpint(self.p)
writer.mpint(self.q)
writer.mpint(self.g)
writer.mpint(self.y)
return fingerprint(writer.bytes())
def parse_public_numbers(self, parser):
self.p = parser.mpint()
self.q = parser.mpint()
self.g = parser.mpint()
self.y = parser.mpint()
class OpensshECDSACertificateInfo(OpensshCertificateInfo):
def __init__(self, curve=None, public_key=None, **kwargs):
super(OpensshECDSACertificateInfo, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self._curve = None
if curve is not None:
self.curve = curve
self.public_key = public_key
@property
def curve(self):
return self._curve
@curve.setter
def curve(self, curve):
if curve in _ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS.values():
self._curve = curve
self.type_string = _SSH_TYPE_STRINGS[_ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS_LOOKUP[curve]] + _CERT_SUFFIX_V01
else:
raise ValueError(
"Curve must be one of %s" % (b','.join(list(_ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS.values()))).decode('UTF-8')
)
# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4253#section-6.6
def public_key_fingerprint(self):
if any([self.curve is None, self.public_key is None]):
return b''
writer = _OpensshWriter()
writer.string(_SSH_TYPE_STRINGS[_ECDSA_CURVE_IDENTIFIERS_LOOKUP[self.curve]])
writer.string(self.curve)
writer.string(self.public_key)
return fingerprint(writer.bytes())
def parse_public_numbers(self, parser):
self.curve = parser.string()
self.public_key = parser.string()
class OpensshED25519CertificateInfo(OpensshCertificateInfo):
def __init__(self, pk=None, **kwargs):
super(OpensshED25519CertificateInfo, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.type_string = _SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['ed25519'] + _CERT_SUFFIX_V01
self.pk = pk
def public_key_fingerprint(self):
if self.pk is None:
return b''
writer = _OpensshWriter()
writer.string(_SSH_TYPE_STRINGS['ed25519'])
writer.string(self.pk)
return fingerprint(writer.bytes())
def parse_public_numbers(self, parser):
self.pk = parser.string()
# See https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys?annotate=HEAD
class OpensshCertificate(object):
"""Encapsulates a formatted OpenSSH certificate including signature and signing key"""
def __init__(self, cert_info, signature):
self._cert_info = cert_info
self.signature = signature
@classmethod
def load(cls, path):
if not os.path.exists(path):
raise ValueError("%s is not a valid path." % path)
try:
with open(path, 'rb') as cert_file:
data = cert_file.read()
except (IOError, OSError) as e:
raise ValueError("%s cannot be opened for reading: %s" % (path, e))
try:
format_identifier, b64_cert = data.split(b' ')[:2]
cert = binascii.a2b_base64(b64_cert)
except (binascii.Error, ValueError):
raise ValueError("Certificate not in OpenSSH format")
for key_type, string in _SSH_TYPE_STRINGS.items():
if format_identifier == string + _CERT_SUFFIX_V01:
pub_key_type = key_type
break
else:
raise ValueError("Invalid certificate format identifier: %s" % format_identifier)
parser = OpensshParser(cert)
if format_identifier != parser.string():
raise ValueError("Certificate formats do not match")
try:
cert_info = cls._parse_cert_info(pub_key_type, parser)
signature = parser.string()
except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
raise ValueError("Invalid certificate data: %s" % e)
if parser.remaining_bytes():
raise ValueError(
"%s bytes of additional data was not parsed while loading %s" % (parser.remaining_bytes(), path)
)
return cls(
cert_info=cert_info,
signature=signature,
)
@property
def type_string(self):
return to_text(self._cert_info.type_string)
@property
def nonce(self):
return self._cert_info.nonce
@property
def public_key(self):
return to_text(self._cert_info.public_key_fingerprint())
@property
def serial(self):
return self._cert_info.serial
@property
def type(self):
return self._cert_info.cert_type
@property
def key_id(self):
return to_text(self._cert_info.key_id)
@property
def principals(self):
return [to_text(p) for p in self._cert_info.principals]
@property
def valid_after(self):
return self._cert_info.valid_after
@property
def valid_before(self):
return self._cert_info.valid_before
@property
def critical_options(self):
return [
OpensshCertificateOption('critical', to_text(n), to_text(d)) for n, d in self._cert_info.critical_options
]
@property
def extensions(self):
return [OpensshCertificateOption('extension', to_text(n), to_text(d)) for n, d in self._cert_info.extensions]
@property
def reserved(self):
return self._cert_info.reserved
@property
def signing_key(self):
return to_text(self._cert_info.signing_key_fingerprint())
@property
def signature_type(self):
signature_data = OpensshParser.signature_data(self.signature)
return to_text(signature_data['signature_type'])
@staticmethod
def _parse_cert_info(pub_key_type, parser):
cert_info = get_cert_info_object(pub_key_type)
cert_info.nonce = parser.string()
cert_info.parse_public_numbers(parser)
cert_info.serial = parser.uint64()
cert_info.cert_type = parser.uint32()
cert_info.key_id = parser.string()
cert_info.principals = parser.string_list()
cert_info.valid_after = parser.uint64()
cert_info.valid_before = parser.uint64()
cert_info.critical_options = parser.option_list()
cert_info.extensions = parser.option_list()
cert_info.reserved = parser.string()
cert_info.signing_key = parser.string()
return cert_info
def to_dict(self):
time_parameters = OpensshCertificateTimeParameters(
valid_from=self.valid_after,
valid_to=self.valid_before
)
return {
'type_string': self.type_string,
'nonce': self.nonce,
'serial': self.serial,
'cert_type': self.type,
'identifier': self.key_id,
'principals': self.principals,
'valid_after': time_parameters.valid_from(date_format='human_readable'),
'valid_before': time_parameters.valid_to(date_format='human_readable'),
'critical_options': [str(critical_option) for critical_option in self.critical_options],
'extensions': [str(extension) for extension in self.extensions],
'reserved': self.reserved,
'public_key': self.public_key,
'signing_key': self.signing_key,
}
def apply_directives(directives):
if any(d not in _DIRECTIVES for d in directives):
raise ValueError("directives must be one of %s" % ", ".join(_DIRECTIVES))
directive_to_option = {
'no-x11-forwarding': OpensshCertificateOption('extension', 'permit-x11-forwarding', ''),
'no-agent-forwarding': OpensshCertificateOption('extension', 'permit-agent-forwarding', ''),
'no-port-forwarding': OpensshCertificateOption('extension', 'permit-port-forwarding', ''),
'no-pty': OpensshCertificateOption('extension', 'permit-pty', ''),
'no-user-rc': OpensshCertificateOption('extension', 'permit-user-rc', ''),
}
if 'clear' in directives:
return []
else:
return list(set(default_options()) - set(directive_to_option[d] for d in directives))
def default_options():
return [OpensshCertificateOption('extension', name, '') for name in _EXTENSIONS]
def fingerprint(public_key):
"""Generates a SHA256 hash and formats output to resemble ``ssh-keygen``"""
h = sha256()
h.update(public_key)
return b'SHA256:' + b64encode(h.digest()).rstrip(b'=')
def get_cert_info_object(key_type):
if key_type == 'rsa':
cert_info = OpensshRSACertificateInfo()
elif key_type == 'dsa':
cert_info = OpensshDSACertificateInfo()
elif key_type in ('ecdsa-nistp256', 'ecdsa-nistp384', 'ecdsa-nistp521'):
cert_info = OpensshECDSACertificateInfo()
elif key_type == 'ed25519':
cert_info = OpensshED25519CertificateInfo()
else:
raise ValueError("%s is not a valid key type" % key_type)
return cert_info
def get_option_type(name):
if name in _CRITICAL_OPTIONS:
result = 'critical'
elif name in _EXTENSIONS:
result = 'extension'
else:
raise ValueError("%s is not a valid option. " % name +
"Custom options must start with 'critical:' or 'extension:' to indicate type")
return result
def is_relative_time_string(time_string):
return time_string.startswith("+") or time_string.startswith("-")
def parse_option_list(option_list):
critical_options = []
directives = []
extensions = []
for option in option_list:
if option.lower() in _DIRECTIVES:
directives.append(option.lower())
else:
option_object = OpensshCertificateOption.from_string(option)
if option_object.type == 'critical':
critical_options.append(option_object)
else:
extensions.append(option_object)
return critical_options, list(set(extensions + apply_directives(directives)))