Windows: Add a PowerShell script that can be used to create a volume from a given directory or file
The script will try to calculate the minimal required size to store the given directory or file in the exFAT formatted volume
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Mounir IDRASSI
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210968bed1
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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This PowerShell script is used to create a VeraCrypt container with minimal size to hold a copy of the given input file or directory.
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.DESCRIPTION
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This script takes as input a file path or directory path and a container path.
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If the container path is not specified, it defaults to the same as the input path with a ".hc" extension.
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The script calculates the minimal size needed to hold the input file or directory in a VeraCrypt container.
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It then creates a VeraCrypt container with the specified path and the calculated size using exFAT filesystem.
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Finally, the container is mounted, the input file or directory is copied to the container and the container is dismounted.
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.PARAMETER inputPath
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The file path or directory path to be encrypted in the VeraCrypt container.
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.PARAMETER containerPath
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The desired path for the VeraCrypt container. If not specified, it defaults to the same as the input path with a ".hc" extension.
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.EXAMPLE
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.\EncryptData.ps1 -inputPath "C:\MyFolder" -containerPath "D:\MyContainer.hc"
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.\EncryptData.ps1 "C:\MyFolder" "D:\MyContainer.hc"
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.\EncryptData.ps1 "C:\MyFolder"
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.NOTES
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Author: Mounir IDRASSI
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Email: mounir.idrassi@idrix.fr
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Date: July 2023
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License: This script is licensed under the Apache License 2.0
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#>
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# parameters
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param(
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[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
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[string]$inputPath,
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[string]$containerPath
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)
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function ConvertTo-AbsolutePath {
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param (
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[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
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[string]$Path
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)
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if ([System.IO.Path]::IsPathRooted($Path)) {
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return $Path
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}
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return Join-Path -Path (Get-Location) -ChildPath $Path
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}
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# Convert input path to fully qualified path
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$inputPath = ConvertTo-AbsolutePath -Path $inputPath
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# Check if input path exists
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if (-not (Test-Path $inputPath)) {
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Write-Host "The specified input path does not exist. Please provide a valid input path."
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exit 1
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}
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$inputPath = (Resolve-Path -Path $inputPath).Path
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# Set container path if not specified
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($containerPath)) {
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$containerPath = "${inputPath}.hc"
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} else {
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$containerPath = ConvertTo-AbsolutePath -Path $containerPath
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}
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# Check if container path already exists
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if (Test-Path $containerPath) {
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Write-Host "The specified container path already exists. Please provide a unique path for the new container."
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exit 1
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}
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# Full path to VeraCrypt executables
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$veracryptPath = "C:\Program Files\VeraCrypt" # replace with your actual path
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$veraCryptExe = Join-Path $veracryptPath "VeraCrypt.exe"
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$veraCryptFormatExe = Join-Path $veracryptPath "VeraCrypt Format.exe"
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# Constants used to calculate the size of the exFAT filesystem
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$InitialVBRSize = 32KB
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$InitialFATSize = 128KB
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$ClusterSize = 32KB # TODO : make this configurable
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function Get-ExFATSizeRec {
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param(
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[string]$Path,
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[uint64] $TotalSize
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)
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# Constants
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$BaseMetadataSize = 32
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$DirectoryEntrySize = 32
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try {
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# Get the item (file or directory) at the provided path
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$item = Get-Item -Path $Path -ErrorAction Stop
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# Calculate metadata size
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$fileNameLength = $item.Name.Length
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$metadataSize = $BaseMetadataSize + ($fileNameLength * 2)
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# Calculate directory entries
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if ($fileNameLength -gt 15) {
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$numDirEntries = [math]::Ceiling($fileNameLength / 15) + 1
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} else {
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$numDirEntries = 2
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}
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$dirEntriesSize = $numDirEntries * $DirectoryEntrySize
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# Add metadata, file size, and directory entries size to $TotalSize
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$TotalSize += $metadataSize + $dirEntriesSize
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if ($item.PSIsContainer) {
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# It's a directory
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$childItems = Get-ChildItem -Path $Path -ErrorAction Stop
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foreach ($childItem in $childItems) {
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# Recursively call this function for each child item
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$TotalSize = Get-ExFATSizeRec -Path $childItem.FullName -TotalSize $TotalSize
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}
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} else {
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# It's a file
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# Calculate actual file size and round it up to the nearest multiple of $ClusterSize
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$fileSize = $item.Length
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$totalFileSize = [math]::Ceiling($fileSize / $ClusterSize) * $ClusterSize
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# Add metadata, file size, and directory entries size to $TotalSize
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$TotalSize += $totalFileSize
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}
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} catch {
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Write-Error "Error processing item at path ${Path}: $_"
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}
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return $TotalSize
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}
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function Get-ExFATSize {
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param(
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[string]$Path
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)
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try {
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# Initialize total size
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$totalSize = $InitialVBRSize + $InitialFATSize
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# Call the recursive function
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$totalSize = Get-ExFATSizeRec -Path $Path -TotalSize $totalSize
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# Add the root directory to $totalSize
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$totalSize += $ClusterSize
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# Calculate the size of the Bitmap Allocation Table
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$numClusters = $totalSize / $ClusterSize
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$bitmapSize = [math]::Ceiling($numClusters / 8)
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$totalSize += $bitmapSize
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# Adjust the size of the FAT
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$fatSize = $numClusters * 4
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$totalSize += $fatSize - $InitialFATSize
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# Return the minimum disk size needed to store the exFAT filesystem
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return $totalSize
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} catch {
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Write-Error "Error calculating exFAT size for path ${Path}: $_"
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return 0
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}
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}
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# Calculate size of the container
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$containerSize = Get-ExFATSize -Path $inputPath
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$containerSize = [math]::Ceiling($containerSize / 1MB)
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# Add 1 MiB to account for the VeraCrypt headers and reserved areas (256 KiB), plus other overhead
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$containerSize += 1
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# Specify encryption algorithm, and hash algorithm
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$encryption = "AES"
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$hash = "sha512"
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# Create a SecureString password
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$password = Read-Host -AsSecureString -Prompt "Enter your password"
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# Create a PSCredential object
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$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("username", $password)
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Write-Host "Creating VeraCrypt container `"$containerPath`" ..."
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# Create file container using VeraCrypt Format
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# TODO: Add a switch to VeraCrypt Format to allow specifying the cluster size to use for the container
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$veraCryptFormatArgs = "/create `"$containerPath`" /size `"${containerSize}M`" /password $($cred.GetNetworkCredential().Password) /encryption $encryption /hash $hash /filesystem `"exFAT`" /quick /silent"
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Start-Process $veraCryptFormatExe -ArgumentList $veraCryptFormatArgs -NoNewWindow -Wait
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# Check that the container was successfully created
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if (-not (Test-Path $containerPath)) {
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Write-Host "An error occurred while creating the VeraCrypt container."
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exit 1
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}
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# Get a list of currently used drive letters
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$driveLetter = Get-Volume | Where-Object { $_.DriveLetter -ne $null } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DriveLetter
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# Find the first available drive letter
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$unusedDriveLetter = (70..90 | ForEach-Object { [char]$_ } | Where-Object { $_ -notin $driveLetter })[0]
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# If no available drive letter was found, print an error message and exit the script
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if ($null -eq $unusedDriveLetter) {
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# delete the file container that was created
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Remove-Item -Path $containerPath -Force
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Write-Error "No available drive letters found. Please free up a drive letter and try again."
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Host "Mounting the newly created VeraCrypt container..."
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# Mount the container to the chosen drive letter as removable media
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Start-Process $veraCryptExe -ArgumentList "/volume `"$containerPath`" /letter $unusedDriveLetter /m rm /password $($cred.GetNetworkCredential().Password) /quit" -NoNewWindow -Wait
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# Check if the volume has been mounted successfully
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$mountedDriveRoot = "${unusedDriveLetter}:\"
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if (-not (Test-Path -Path $mountedDriveRoot)) {
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# Volume mount failed
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Write-Error "Failed to mount the volume. Please make sure VeraCrypt.exe is working correctly."
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# delete the file container that was created
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Remove-Item -Path $containerPath -Force
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Host "Copying data to the mounted VeraCrypt container..."
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# Copy the file or directory to the mounted drive
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if (Test-Path -Path $inputPath -PathType Container) {
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# For directories
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Copy-Item -Path $inputPath -Destination "$($unusedDriveLetter):\" -Recurse
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} else {
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# For files
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Copy-Item -Path $inputPath -Destination "$($unusedDriveLetter):\"
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}
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Write-Host "Copying completed. Dismounting the VeraCrypt container..."
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# give some time for the file system to flush the data to the disk
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Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
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# Dismount the volume
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Start-Process $veraCryptExe -ArgumentList "/dismount $unusedDriveLetter /quit" -NoNewWindow -Wait
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Write-Host "VeraCrypt container created successfully."
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