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homeserver/roles/hifis-net.unattended_upgrades/README.md
mg b5c16eaacd Rolle aktualisiert: unattended upgrades (#461) 
Co-authored-by: Michael Grote <michael.grote@posteo.de>
Reviewed-on: #461
2023-02-17 12:17:12 +01:00

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Unattended-Upgrades Role for Ansible

CI status Ansible Role: hifis.unattended_upgrades Ansible Quality Score Ansible Role Downloads Latest release

Install and setup unattended-upgrades for Ubuntu and Debian, to periodically install security upgrades.

Notes

  1. If you have used version 0.0.1 of the role, you can delete the file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic as it is not needed anymore. You can use the following one-shot command:
    • ansible -m file -a "state=absent path=/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic" <host-pattern>
  2. If you have used this role before version 2.0.0, the files 20auto-upgrades and 50unattended-upgrades will differ from the system defaults (instead of configuration being placed in a separate file, as we do now). These can be left as-is as they will be overridden. During OS upgrades, when asked if these files should be overwritten by the maintainer's package, say yes. They will then be reset to their default states, and you won't be asked these questions again.

Requirements

The role uses apt module which has additional dependencies.

If you set unattended_mail to an e-mail address, make sure mailx command is available and your system is able to send e-mails.

The role requires unattended-upgrades version 0.70 and newer, which is available since Debian Wheezy and Ubuntu 12.04 respectively. This is due to Origins Patterns usage; if this is not available on your system, you may use the first version of the role.

Automatic Reboot

If you enable automatic reboot feature (unattended_automatic_reboot), the role will attempt to install update-notifier-common package, which is required on some systems for detecting and executing reboot after the upgrade. You may optionally define a specific time for rebooting (unattended_automatic_reboot_time).

This feature was broken in Debian Jessie, but eventually was rolled into the unattended-upgrades package; see the discussion in #6 for more details.

Disabled Cron Jobs

On some hosts you may find that the unattended-upgrade's cron file /etc/cron.daily/apt file has been renamed to apt.disabled. This is possibly provider's decision, to save some CPU cycles. Use enable-standard-cronjobs role to re-enable unattended-upgrades. See also discussion in #9.

Role Variables

  • unattended_cache_valid_time:
    • Default: 3600
    • Description: Update the apt cache if it's older than the given time in seconds; passed to the apt module during package installation.
  • unattended_origins_patterns:
    • Default:
      • Debian: ['origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian-Security']
      • Ubuntu: ['origin=Ubuntu,archive=${distro_codename}-security,label=Ubuntu']
    • Description: Array of origins patterns to determine whether the package can be automatically installed, for more details see Origins Patterns below.
  • unattended_package_blacklist:
    • Default: []
    • Description: Packages which won't be automatically upgraded.
  • unattended_autofix_interrupted_dpkg:
    • Default: true
    • Description: Whether on unclean dpkg exit to run dpkg --force-confold --configure -a.
  • unattended_minimal_steps:
    • Default: true
    • Description: Split the upgrade into the smallest possible chunks so that they can be interrupted with SIGUSR1.
  • unattended_install_on_shutdown:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Install all unattended-upgrades when the machine is shutting down.
  • unattended_mail:
    • Default: false (don't send any e-mail)
    • Description: E-mail address to send information about upgrades or problems with unattended upgrades.
  • unattended_mail_only_on_error:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Send e-mail only on errors, otherwise e-mail will be sent every time there's a package upgrade.
  • unattended_mail_report:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Choose on what event to send an email. Possible values are "always", "only-on-error" or "on-change".
  • unattended_remove_unused_dependencies:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Do automatic removal of all unused dependencies after the upgrade.
  • unattended_remove_new_unused_dependencies:
    • Default: true
    • Description: Do automatic removal of new unused dependencies after the upgrade.
  • unattended_remove_unused_kernel_packages:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Remove unused automatically installed kernel-related packages (kernel images, kernel headers and kernel version locked tools)
  • unattended_automatic_reboot:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Automatically reboot system if any upgraded package requires it, immediately after the upgrade.
  • unattended_automatic_reboot_time:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Automatically reboot system if any upgraded package requires it, at the specific time (HH:MM) instead of immediately after the upgrade.
  • unattended_update_days:
    • Default: None
    • Description: Set the days of the week that updates should be applied. The days can be specified as localized abbreviated or full names. Or as integers where "0" is Sunday, "1" is Monday etc. Example: {"Mon";"Fri"};
  • unattended_ignore_apps_require_restart:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Unattended-upgrades won't automatically upgrade some critical packages requiring restart after an upgrade (i.e. there is XB-Upgrade-Requires: app-restart directive in their debian/control file). With this option set to true, unattended-upgrades will upgrade these packages regardless of the directive.
  • unattended_syslog_enable:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Write events to syslog, which is useful in environments where syslog messages are sent to a central store.
  • unattended_syslog_facility:
    • Default: None
    • Description: Write events to the specified syslog facility, or the daemon facility if not specified. Will only have affect if unattended_syslog_enable is set to true.
  • unattended_verbose:
    • Default: 0 (no report)
    • Description: Define verbosity level of APT for periodic runs. The output will be sent to root.
      • Possible options:
        • 0: no report
        • 1: progress report
        • 2: + command outputs
        • 3: + trace on
  • unattended_update_package_list:
    • Default: 1
    • Description: Do "apt-get update" automatically every n-days (0=disable).
  • unattended_download_upgradeable:
    • Default: 0
    • Description: Do "apt-get upgrade --download-only" every n-days (0=disable).
  • unattended_autoclean_interval:
    • Default: 7
    • Description: Do "apt-get autoclean" every n-days (0=disable).
  • unattended_clean_interval:
    • Default: 0
    • Description: Do "apt-get clean" every n-days (0=disable).
  • unattended_random_sleep:
    • Default: 1800 (30 minutes)
    • Description: Define maximum for a random interval in seconds after which the apt job starts (only for systems without systemd).
  • unattended_dpkg_options:
    • Default: []
    • Description: Array of dpkg command-line options used during unattended-upgrades runs, e.g. ["--force-confdef"], ["--force-confold"].
  • unattended_dl_limit:
    • Default: None
    • Description: Limit the download speed in kb/sec using apt bandwidth limit feature.
  • unattended_only_on_ac_power:
    • Default: false
    • Description: Download and install upgrades only on AC power. It will also install the debian package powermgmt-base.

Origins Patterns

Origins Pattern is a more powerful alternative to the Allowed Origins option used in previous versions of unattended-upgrade.

Pattern is composed of specific keywords:

  • a,archive,suite – e.g. stable, trusty-security (archive=stable)
  • c,component – e.g. main, crontrib, non-free (component=main)
  • l,label – e.g. Debian, Debian-Security, Ubuntu
  • o,origin – e.g. Debian, Unofficial Multimedia Packages, Ubuntu
  • n,codename – e.g. jessie, jessie-updates, trusty (this is only supported with unattended-upgrades >= 0.80)
  • site – e.g. http.debian.net

You can review the available repositories using apt-cache policy and debug your choice using unattended-upgrades -d command on a target system.

Additionally, unattended-upgrades support two macros (variables), derived from /etc/debian_version:

  • ${distro_id} – Installed distribution name, e.g. Debian or Ubuntu.
  • ${distro_codename} – Installed codename, e.g. bullseye or jammy.

Using ${distro_codename} should be preferred over using stable or oldstable as a selected, as once stable moves to oldstable, no security updates will be installed at all, or worse, package from a newer distro release will be installed by accident. The same goes for upgrading your installation from oldstable to stable, if you forget to change this in your origin patterns, you may not receive the security updates for your newer distro release. With ${distro_codename}, both cases can never happen.

Role Usage Examples

Example for Ubuntu, with custom origins patterns, blacklisted packages and e-mail notification:

- hosts: all
  roles:
  - role: hifis.unattended_upgrades
    unattended_origins_patterns:
    - 'origin=Ubuntu,archive=${distro_codename}-security'
    - 'o=Ubuntu,a=${distro_codename}-updates'
    unattended_package_blacklist: [cowsay, vim]
    unattended_mail: 'root@example.com'

Note: You don't need to specify unattended_origins_patterns, the role will use distribution's default if the variable is not set.

Running Only on Debian-based Systems

If you manage multiple distribution with the same playbook, you may want to skip running this role on non-Debian systems. You can use when conditional with role to limit the role to particular systems:

- hosts: all
  roles:
     - role: hifis.unattended_upgrades
       when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == 'Debian'

See #38 for discussion.

Patterns Examples

By default, only security updates are allowed for both Ubuntu and Debian. You can add more patterns to allow unattended-updates install more packages automatically, however be aware that automated major updates may potentially break your system.

For Debian

unattended_origins_patterns:
  - 'origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian-Security' # security updates
  - 'o=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian' # updates including non-security updates
  - 'o=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},a=proposed-updates'

For Ubuntu

In Ubuntu, archive always contains the distribution codename

unattended_origins_patterns:
  - 'origin=Ubuntu,archive=${distro_codename}-security'
  - 'o=Ubuntu,a=${distro_codename}'
  - 'o=Ubuntu,a=${distro_codename}-updates'
  - 'o=Ubuntu,a=${distro_codename}-proposed-updates'

For Raspbian

In Raspbian, it is only possible to update all packages from the default repository, including non-security updates, or updating none.

Updating all, including non-security:

unattended_origins_patterns:
  - 'origin=Raspbian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Raspbian'

To not install any updates on a raspbian host, just set unattended_origins_patterns to an empty list:

unattended_origins_patterns: []

License

GPL-2.0-or-later

Author

This role is maintained by HIFIS Software Services and was originally forked from jnv/ansible-role-unattended-upgrades, created by Jan Vlnas.

Contributors

We would like to thank and give credits to the following contributors of this project: